NTIA logo Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (ITS)
ITS Home

What SunSpot Number indices should be used.

NOAA has changed how they put out the Ionospheric indices that are used in the NTIA/ITS HF Propagation Models. This will try to explain what indices to use.
  • The SunSpot Number (SSN) used by these HF prediction programs should be what is called R12 - the Smoothed SunSpot Number.

  • NGDC used to have it linked in this table.

  • That was last updated May 15, 1999.

  • George Lane says to use: ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/STP/SOLAR_DATA/SUNSPOT_NUMBERS/sunspot.predict for compatibility with VOACAP.

  • SEC also maintains SunSpot data with slightly different numbers under Solar Cycle Progression.
    • For past values, you must use the Recent Solar Indices table.
      • The proper column in this table is Smoothed RI
    • For predicted values, you must use the Predicted Indices table.
      • The proper column in this table is SunSpot Number Predicted
    • You will notice that the Predicted table is about 6 months behind the current date. That is because it takes that long for the smoothed SunSpot Number to become permanent.


  • I (G. Hand) questioned someone at SEC as to what was the difference between SEC's and NGDC's sunspot predictions, and here is his response.

  • Note: We cannot control the content nor accessibility of the NOAA web pages.

ITS Home